One of the biggest shocks for students starting IB History is realising that IB History essays are not normal history essays. Under the new IB DP History course (first assessment 2028), this difference is even more pronounced.
Many students write fluent, well-informed essays and still receive disappointing marks. This usually happens because they are writing good school history essays — not IB History essays.
This article explains why IB History essays are different under the new specification, what examiners are really looking for, and how students must adapt their writing to succeed.
Quick Start Checklist
- Why IB History essays feel unfamiliar
- How IB essays differ from school history writing
- What examiners prioritise under FA 2028
- Common essay-writing mistakes
- How to adapt your writing effectively
IB History Essays Are Question-Driven, Not Topic-Driven
In many school history courses, essays focus on demonstrating knowledge of a topic. In IB History, essays focus on answering a specific question.
Under first assessment 2028, examiners expect:
- Every paragraph to address the question directly
- Evidence to be selected for relevance, not quantity
- Analysis to be shaped by the command term
Writing everything you know about a topic is no longer rewarded.
Argument Matters More Than Information
IB History essays are fundamentally argument-based.
This means:
- You must take a clear position
- Each paragraph must support that position
- Evidence must be used to justify claims
- The conclusion must directly answer the question
An essay with excellent knowledge but a weak argument will score lower than a well-argued essay with less content.
Concepts Drive IB History Essays
Under the new course, historical concepts shape every strong essay.
IB History essays must show:
- Cause and consequence
- Continuity and change
- Perspectives
- Significance
These concepts should be embedded in analysis, not listed or defined. Essays that ignore concepts often appear descriptive and unfocused.
Explanation and Evaluation Are Expected Throughout
Another key difference under FA 2028 is that evaluation is not optional.
Strong essays:
- Weigh different factors
- Assess relative importance
- Acknowledge limitations
- Consider alternative interpretations
Saving evaluation for the conclusion is no longer enough.
Evidence Must Be Selective and Purposeful
IB examiners do not reward volume.
Under the new specification:
- A few well-used examples outperform long lists of facts
- Evidence must be explained, not dropped in
- Irrelevant detail is penalised
The goal is precision, not coverage.
Structure Is Assessed Implicitly
IB History essays are not marked for structure directly — but structure strongly affects marks.
Effective essays have:
- Clear introductions with a line of argument
- Focused body paragraphs
- Logical progression of ideas
- Conclusions that answer the question
Poor structure often leads to repetition, irrelevance, and unclear evaluation.
Why Memorised Essays No Longer Work
Under FA 2028, memorised essays are easier than ever for examiners to spot.
They often:
- Fail to answer the exact question
- Force irrelevant material into responses
- Lack flexibility
- Miss conceptual focus
Students must be able to adapt knowledge, not reproduce it.
How Students Should Change Their Essay Approach
To succeed under the new course, students should:
- Plan essays around the question and concept
- Choose arguments before evidence
- Build evaluation into every paragraph
- Revise structure as much as content
Essay writing becomes a skill — not a memory test.
How RevisionDojo Helps Students Master IB History Essays
RevisionDojo is built around IB-specific essay writing, not generic history responses.
RevisionDojo helps students:
- Understand what examiners reward
- Build adaptable essay structures
- Practise concept-driven arguments
- Avoid narrative and memorised writing
- Improve evaluation consistently
This allows students to approach essays with confidence and clarity.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are IB History essays harder than school history essays?
They are more demanding analytically, but also more predictable once expectations are understood.
Do I need to use complex language?
No. Clear, focused writing is always rewarded more than complex phrasing.
Can I improve essays quickly?
Yes. Improving structure, focus, and evaluation often leads to rapid score improvement.
Final Thoughts
IB History essays under the new specification (first assessment 2028) are different because they test how students think, not how much they know.
Students who adapt to question-driven, concept-led, evaluative writing gain a major advantage across all assessment papers. Those who continue writing narrative or memorised essays often struggle to progress.
With the right guidance and consistent practice, IB History essay writing becomes a powerful strength — and that is exactly what RevisionDojo is designed to support.
