IB Global Politics Paper 2 assesses a student’s ability to write a theoretical, evaluative essay using case studies and course concepts. Unlike Paper 1, Paper 2 rewards depth, structure, and sustained argument. A strong structure is essential because even good knowledge will score poorly if it is disorganised or descriptive.
The first step is understanding the essay question. Paper 2 questions usually ask you to “evaluate,” “discuss,” or “to what extent.” These command terms require judgement, not just explanation. Before writing, identify the key concept in the question (such as power, sovereignty, human rights, or development) and decide what your overall argument will be.
A high-scoring essay begins with a focused introduction. The introduction should define key terms, briefly explain the issue, and present a clear line of argument. This argument should answer the question directly. Avoid long background context. Examiners want to see clarity and direction from the start.
The main body should consist of clearly structured paragraphs, usually two to three main arguments. Each paragraph should follow a logical pattern:
- A clear topic sentence answering the question
- Explanation using global politics concepts or theory
- Application to a relevant case study
- Evaluation of strengths, weaknesses, or counterarguments
Case studies are essential, but they must be used analytically, not descriptively. Simply explaining what happened will not earn high marks. Instead, case studies should be used as evidence to support or challenge your argument. Linking back to the question at the end of each paragraph strengthens focus.
Evaluation is what separates mid-level from top-level answers. This means weighing arguments, considering limitations, and recognising complexity. For example, you might acknowledge that a theory explains some aspects of global politics well but fails in others. Evaluation can appear throughout paragraphs or be more explicit toward the end.
The conclusion should directly answer the question again, using your analysis to justify your judgement. Avoid introducing new examples. A strong conclusion reflects on the implications of your argument and reinforces how far the question can be answered.
Common mistakes include narrative storytelling, weak introductions, unclear arguments, and lack of evaluation. Another frequent issue is using too many case studies superficially rather than a few well-developed ones.
For IB Global Politics students, an effective Paper 2 essay is clear, conceptual, and evaluative. Structure allows examiners to see your thinking clearly. When argument, case studies, and evaluation work together, high marks follow.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
How many case studies should I use in Paper 2?
Usually two to three well-developed case studies are enough. Quality matters more than quantity. Case studies must support analysis, not replace it.
Do I need to use theories in Paper 2?
Theories are not always required, but they can strengthen essays if relevant. Use them only when they clearly help answer the question.
How important is evaluation in Paper 2?
Evaluation is essential for top marks. Essays that only explain or describe are limited. Judgement and balance are required.
Can I write in a formulaic structure?
A clear structure helps, but answers should not sound memorised. Flexibility and relevance to the question matter most.
How can I improve my Paper 2 essays?
Practice planning essays quickly, focus on argument before writing, and review examiner markbands. Clear argument and evaluation improve scores the most.
